In this alternate timeline, the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union continued with even greater intensity after the historic moon landing in 1969. Both nations poured unprecedented amounts of resources and funding towards their space programs in a bid to gain supremacy in space. By the early 1970s, both nations had established permanent lunar bases on the surface of the moon. The bases were equipped with advanced technology, infrastructure, and a team of scientists and engineers who worked tirelessly to further explore and study the moon. Over the years, the lunar bases became more self-sufficient and were able to produce their own food, water, and air. The bases also served as launchpads for further exploration of the solar system, including manned missions to Mars and other planets. By 1985, the lunar bases had matured into thriving settlements, complete with shops, schools, and research laboratories. The bases had become a symbol of human ingenuity and the incredible advances made in space exploration. The permanent human presence on the moon had also led to major discoveries in areas such as lunar geology, the search for extraterrestrial life, and the possibility of using the moon as a base for exploring the rest of the solar system. As the world looked towards the stars, the permanent moon bases stood as a testament to the limitless potential of human achievement and exploration. The future of space travel and discovery looked bright, with humanity on the cusp of unlocking the mysteries of the universe.

In this alternate timeline, the United States and the Soviet Union would likely be the only countries to have permanent moon bases by 1985. These two superpowers have been in a race to explore and dominate space, and the competition would have fueled the establishment of lunar settlements. Other countries may have also sent expeditions to the moon and established temporary bases, but they would not have the resources or motivation to sustain permanent habitation on the moon. Instead, they would likely work closely with the US or Soviet lunar bases to conduct joint research and exploration missions.

It's possible that there would be other space settlements in this alternate timeline. The establishment of permanent moon bases would have indicated a significant advancement in space technology and a strong global interest in space exploration. The success of the moon bases would have likely fueled an increased interest in further space colonization projects. Other planets, such as Mars, would have been the most likely targets for future space settlement. As the moon bases became more self-sufficient and served as launchpads for further exploration of the solar system, the technology and resources developed could be applied to establishing settlements on Mars and other suitable celestial bodies. However, it's important to note that the establishment of permanent moon bases by 1985 would be a significant milestone in human history, and the focus of space exploration and colonization efforts may have remained largely on the moon for some time. It's difficult to predict exactly what other space settlements would have emerged in this timeline, as the establishment of the moon bases would have represented a major shift in human history and the futures we see for our global development.

The existence of permanent moon bases in 1985 would have changed American society in significant ways. First, the technological advancements necessary to establish and maintain the bases would have led to a surge in high-tech industries in the US, resulting in increased economic growth and job opportunities. The perception of space exploration would have been significantly different as well. With the successful establishment of lunar bases, space travel would have become more normalized, and NASA would have become a more prominent part of American culture. Public interest in space exploration would have been high, and space travel would have become a more common career option. In terms of government priorities, investment in space would have likely become a higher priority. Funding for NASA and space exploration missions would have increased, and political figures may have competed to show support for space programs as a symbol of national pride and technological advancement. The cultural influence of the moon bases would have been nontrivial either. Popular culture would have been heavily influenced by the idea of permanent human settlements and how living conditions would differ from life on Earth. This would have led to an increased focus on space exploration in media and entertainment, with more science fiction stories encompassing humanity's more recent frontier. Furthermore, the role of the United States as a world leader in technological innovation and independence would have been significantly enhanced, causing a significant amount of global influence and attention to the country's innovation potential. It is likely that American citizens would have a renewed sense of pride in their country's accomplishments and a deep-rooted sense of futurism as this futuristic accomplishment pervades their daily lives.

The existence of permanent moon bases in 1985 would have also drastically changed Soviet society. Similar to the United States, the Soviet Union's technological advances in space exploration would have driven an economic boom and created more job opportunities. However, the existence of permanent moon bases would have likely been viewed as a symbol of Soviet technological supremacy and superiority, leading to a sense of national pride and identity. It could have potentially alleviated some of the problems that Soviet society faced in reality, such as low morale and lack of innovation. The Soviet government would likely have highlighted these advancements as proof of the superiority of their political system and used the achievement as a tool for propaganda. This focus on space exploration could have diverted attention away from political and economic hardships and improved the regime's image among its people. The culture of the Soviet Union would also have been shaped by the presence of lunar bases. Similar to the United States, popular culture would reflect a heightened interest in space exploration, as well as a sense of futurism and the potential for human advancement. However, it is also likely that the existence of permanent moon bases would have maintained some of the same problems the Soviet Union faced in reality, such as a rigid political system and restricted personal freedoms. While technological achievements may have improved morale, societal issues would likely have persisted to some degree. Overall, the existence of permanent moon bases in 1985 would have had a transformative effect on Soviet society, providing a source of national pride and cultural influence, as well as a unique perspective for global leadership.

It's possible that other countries would run civilian space stations in this alternate timeline. However, it would depend on their level of investment in space exploration and the degree of research and technological advancements they have made in the area. The establishment of permanent moon bases by the United States and the Soviet Union by 1985 would have been indicative of a significant level of investment and technological advancements in space exploration, and therefore other countries would still be catching up at that point. Nonetheless, countries with strong space programs, such as China or members of the European Space Agency, would likely have made significant progress towards establishing their own space stations or lunar bases. They might have then invested in joint missions with the United States or the Soviet Union to achieve this goal more quickly and to share expertise. Over time, as space technology continued to develop and more countries became interested in space exploration, the number of countries and organizations running civilian space stations would increase as well. The existence of permanent lunar bases would likely have spurred greater international cooperation in space exploration and colonization projects.

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